Phase Behavior of Petroleum Reservoir Fluids

Phase Behavior of Petroleum Reservoir Fluids studies about behavior of reservoir fluid with several parameters in reservoir. There are several parts of this course as listed below;


Phase Behavior Fundamentals.
• Phase Diagrams.
• Volumetric and phase behavior of pure substances.
• Volumetric and phase behavior of binary systems. Phase diagrams (P-V, P-T, P-x, y-x). Phase Equilibria
• Ternary Diagrams.
• Multicomponent systems. Classification of reservoir fluids based on phase diagrams, PVT and production data.
• Representation.

Oil and Gas Properties from Correlations
• Standard PVT tests, Differential Liberation, Constant Composition Expansion, Constant Volume Depletion (CVD),
• Review and definition of oil and gas properties used in reservoir engineering.
• Determination of Compositions.
• Swelling Tests, Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP), Separator Tests.
• Viscosity Correlations. Evaluation of Oil Viscosity Using Corresponding States models and Black Oil Models.

Generalized Phase Equilibria Models
• Petroleum Engineering Applications in Separation Processes.
• Low Pressure Phase Equilibrium.
• Extension of Corresponding States to Mixtures.
• The Principle of Corresponding States. Correlations and Models.
• Thermodynamic Properties of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Systems.
• Phase Equilibrium: Vapor-Liquid-Equilibrium (VLE), Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium (LLE), Solid-Liquid-Equilibrium (SLE).
• Phase Equilibrium Models: Single Components. Reduced Equations of State (EOS.)
• Phase Equilibrium Models: Multicomponent Systems.
• Mixing Rules. Types of VLE Computations: Dew Point and Bubble Point Calculations. Multiphase Flash.
• Low Pressure Phase Equilibria Computations (Surface Separators).
• K-value correlations. Empirical methods to determine equilibrium ratios (K-values)
• Ideal Systems.

High Pressure Phase Equilibrium.
• High Pressure Phase Equilibria Applications (Reservoir)
• Evaluation of Fugacity Coefficients from Equations of State. (Soave Redlich-Kwong, Peng and Robinson).
• Equations of State Models (EOS). Cubic EOS. Root Selection.
• Evaluation of Phase Boundaries (Dew and Bubble Points) and Flash Equilibrium with EOS. Tuning of Equations of State (EOS).
• Generalization to any EOS.

Phase Behavior in Systems Containing
• Water. Low Temperature (Gas Hydrates) and High Temperature
• Gas Hydrates Chemistry and Properties.
• Evaluation of Gas Hydrate Formation Pressure and Temperature. Hydrate
• Inhibition Procedures.
• Formulation of Three-Phase Flash Problems (V-L1-L2). V=vapor, L1= hydrocarbon rich liquid phase and L2= aqueous liquid phase. Evaluation of Phase Equilibria when: (1) Solubility of Hydrocarbons in L2 and Water in L1 is Ignored, (2) Solubility of Water in L1 is considered, solubility of hydrocarbons in L2 is ignored, (3) All Mutual
• Solubilities are Considered.

Heavy Oil Fractions: Hydrocarbon Characterization Procedures
• Estimation Methods for Critical Properties. Characterization Factors.
• Fluid Characterization of the Hydrocarbon Plus Fraction ( C7 ). True Boiling Point Tests (TBP), Viscosity, and Specific Gravity.
• Computation of Viscosity of Oil-Wax Suspensions.
• Splitting and Lumping Schemes of Petroleum Fractions.
• Modeling of Wax Deposition in Pipelines.
• Wax Inhibitors.

Recommended Books
The Properties of Petroleum Fluids – William McCain Jr. Pennwell (1990) – (WM)
The Properties of Gases and Liquids – Bruce E. Poling, John M. Prausnitz, John O'Connell
PVT and Phase Behaviour Of Petroleum Reservoir Fluids, Volume 47 (Developments in Petroleum Science) - Ali Danesh
Phase Behavior of Petroleum Reservoir Fluids - Karen Schou Pedersen, Peter L. Christensen